Monday, September 21, 2009

Consumer Electronics, Energy and the Jevons Paradox

The explosion of consumer electronics globally has been putting pressure on energy consumption.


This from the New York Times,

``Electricity use from power-hungry gadgets is rising fast all over the world. The fancy new flat-panel televisions everyone has been buying in recent years have turned out to be bigger power hogs than some refrigerators.

``The proliferation of personal computers, iPods, cellphones, game consoles and all the rest amounts to the fastest-growing source of power demand in the world. Americans now have about 25 consumer electronic products in every household, compared with just three in 1980.

``Worldwide, consumer electronics
now represent 15 percent of household power demand, and that is expected to triple over the next two decades, according to the International Energy Agency, making it more difficult to tackle the greenhouse gas emissions responsible for global warming.

``To satisfy the demand from gadgets will require
building the equivalent of 560 coal-fired power plants, or 230 nuclear plants, according to the agency.

``Most energy experts see only one solution: mandatory efficiency rules specifying how much power devices may use.


``Appliances like refrigerators are covered by such rules in the United States. But efforts to cover consumer electronics like televisions and game consoles
have been repeatedly derailed by manufacturers worried about the higher cost of meeting the standards. That has become a problem as the spread of such gadgets counters efficiency gains made in recent years in appliances.

``In 1990, refrigerator efficiency standards went into effect in the United States. Today, new refrigerators are fancier than ever, but their power consumption has been slashed by about 45 percent since the standards took effect. Likewise, thanks in part to standards, the average power consumption of a new washer is nearly 70 percent lower than a new unit in 1990."


Read the rest here.

In short, regulations which try to conserve energy by forcing technologically based efficiency on consumer electronics has resulted to an unintended consequence-exploding demand.

This is the Jevons Paradox or the Jevons effect at work.

From wikipedia.org, ``In economics, the Jevons Paradox (sometimes called the Jevons effect) is the proposition that technological progress that increases the efficiency with which a resource is used, tends to increase (rather than decrease) the rate of consumption of that resource. It is historically called the Jevons Paradox as it ran counter to popular intuition."

Hat Tip: Paul Kedrosky

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