The US Dollar Meltdown Validates Our Version Of The September Syndrome!

``A good trader has to have three things: a chronic inability to accept things at face value, to feel continuously unsettled, and to have humility.” -Michael H. Steinhardt, American investor and philanthropist

The September “syndrome” struck again!

But this time it hadn’t been what the mainstream had expected. Instead, it had been what we had been expecting.

Coming into September we pounded on the table that 2009 won’t be 2008; where US banking system went apoplectic from which the world endured a consequent “sudden stop” and where global economic activities went into a freeze-frame or a virtual standstill-our Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).

2009 will most likely produce a different seasonal pattern, we asserted.

It would probably center on the US dollar’s weakness and gold’s strength which should also provide support to stock markets especially in Asia and Emerging Markets, as we suggested in The US Dollar Index’s Seasonality As Barometer For Stocks, Gold As Our Seasonal Barometer, Gold As Our Seasonal Barometer (For Stocks) II and Gold and the September Stock Market Seasonality Syndrome.

Well, all these have been captured in Figure 1.

Figure 1: A US Dollar Meltdown Equals Rising Gold And Stock Markets

The US dollar Index’s meltdown has had a mirror or inverse effect on Gold (surged to close at record highs), global stock markets (DJW) and Emerging Market stocks (EEM).

So far this has only shown how the mainstream had been looking at the wrong angle and had been very much fixated with traditional metrics but has significantly been caught disoriented by overlooking the genuine dynamics of the market.

Worst, they have relied on cognitive biases, such as the hindsight bias (rear view mirror syndrome), the focusing effect and anchoring, as foundations for their analysis.

For instance, deflation advocates have used China’s recent crash as evidence to advance their cause (a case of selective perception).

However we averred that the directions of the US dollar will likely determine the degree of the correction in China’s Shanghai index (SSEC), as we wrote in Will China’s Stock Market Correction Spread Globally?, ``if the US dollar fails to rally while global stocks weaken, then any correction, thus, will likely be mild and short.”

The Shanghai Index has advanced by 4.5% this week and will most likely follow the path of Russia’s RTSI, see figure 2.

Figure 2: Bulls Recapture Russia RTSI, Shanghai To Follow

Earlier Russia’s RTSI had corrected by 30% but has now entirely reclaimed the losses.

With a bullish reverse head and shoulder (chart) pattern along with a sustained feebleness in the US dollar, the likelihood is that the RTSI will make a significant breakthrough soon (if not by next week).

Moreover, many have called for a major correction due emerging markets attributing overvaluation levels.

For example this news from Bloomberg underscores on such extravagance, ``Developing-nation stocks rose, driving the MSCI Emerging Markets Index to its most expensive level in nine years, as Indian software makers rallied and higher oil prices boosted the revenue potential of economies sustained by exports.

``The MSCI Emerging Markets Index increased 0.8 percent to 887.05 at 5:01 p.m. in New York, pushing valuations to 20 times reported earnings for the first time since June 29, 2000, according to data compiled by Bloomberg”

While we basically agree with the concept that “markets have risen too fast and too soon”, that would be interpreted as looking at the markets from the lens of the mainstream.

Again, excessive dependence on conventional metrics will likely persist to befuddle mainstream analysis.

In addition, they seem to forget that in major trends, whether in bullmarkets or in bearmarkets, momentum can lead to trend overextensions.

Of course the principal error has been that the mainstream has all underestimated the impact of government printing press on the financial and economic sphere.

Crack-Up Boom Spreads To Asia And The Philippines

``But the administration does not want to stop inflation. It does not want to endanger its popularity with the voters by collecting, through taxation, all it wants to spend. It prefers to mislead the people by resorting to the seemingly non-onerous method of increasing the supply of money and credit. Yet, whatever system of financing may be adopted, whether taxation, borrowing, or inflation, the full incidence of the government's expenditures must fall upon the public. With inflation as well as with taxation, it is the citizens who must foot the total bill. The distinguishing mark of inflation, when considered as a method of filling the vaults of the Treasury, is that it distributes the burden in a most unfair way, overcharging those who are least able to bear it.”-Ludwig von Mises The Truth About Inflation

I received 4 text messages and 2 telephone calls anew this week from different banking institutions offering me loans. This seems like a defining activity since the start of the year. I don’t recall of such persistency to promote access to credit even prior to the Asian Crisis in 1997.

Yet I assume that this could be a national dynamic. Nonetheless, I can’t help but associate the actions in the Phisix to such anecdotal evidence.

Obviously, the domestic banking system which functions as the primary source of funding, has only been responding to regulatory policies.

While we don’t have available national data yet as proof for our assumption, a prolonged accommodative monetary environment will imply further space for mass speculation and a greater degree of consumption growth-that is likely to be reflected on our economic statistics.

And this seems to be the case for Asia, see Figure 1.

Figure 1: Danske Weekly: Recovery Gets More Visible

As Danske’s Fleming Nielsen wrote in his Weekly Focus, ``June’s economic data confirmed that Asia is experiencing a pronounced upswing, with strong industrial production numbers across the board. Countries such as South Korea and Thailand, which were hit exceptionally hard by the global financial crisis, are seeing industrial production recover to pre-crisis levels at a surprising clip. There are also signs throughout Asia that domestic demand is picking up – especially private consumption, with rising retail and car sales in the past couple of months.” (emphasis added)

For us, aside from the government policies, such intense reaction has been a manifestation of the “anomalous” collapse in the last quarter of 2008, which had been due to the seizure in the US banking system which rippled globally- a shock we called as Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) [see What Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Have To Do With Today’s Financial Crisis].

Apparently the current actions in the financial markets and economic stats have strongly been validating our views.

Moreover, we see other national and regional quirks posing as significant influences that can electrify the pricing of regional financial assets.

As discussed in Philippine Phisix at 2,500: Monetary Forces Sows Seeds Of Bubble, ``it is likely that high savings rate combined with loose monetary policies to induce speculation, fiscal stimulus applied, largely unblemished banking system, and low systemic leverage that has impelled a bidding war in the stock markets and commodity markets.”

The Growing Inflationary Bias Of Asia’s Markets

For the longest time we had been advocating that in a world of central banking and virtual free lunch money polices, bubble cycles emanating from these are likely to be imbued more by Asia and emerging markets since developed economies have debts that have been “hocked to their eyeballs”.

Doug Noland in his Credit Bubble Bulletin says the same, `` The most robust inflationary biases are today domiciled in China, Asia and the emerging markets generally. The debased dollar has provided China and the “developing” world Credit systems unprecedented capacity to inflate (expand Credit/financial claims without fear of spurring a run on their currencies). Asian and emerging markets are outperforming, exacerbating speculative flows. Things that the “developing” world needs (energy/commodities) and wants (gold, silver, sugar, etc.) should demonstrate increasingly strong inflationary pressures. Their overflow of dollars provides them, for now, the power to buy whatever they desire.”

And the transmission mechanism from US Federal Reserve policies into global assets have nowhere been more explicit see figure 2.

Figure 2: Stockcharts.com: US dollar Index’s Inverse Correlation

As we pointed out in Asia Sows The Seeds Of The Business Cycle, a breakdown in the US dollar index (USD) seem likely to propel a reacceleration of the asset bidding wars.

The USD indeed broke down last week which likewise brought many global stock market benchmarks to new post crisis highs (the Philippine Phisix nearly touched the 2,900 level). However, Friday’s announcement of the US unemployment data, which showed a modicum of progress, may have incited a USD short covering.

The fun part is identifying the apparently synchronized inverse correlation of oil (WTIC), Emerging Market stocks (EEM) and Asia ex-Japan (DJP2) where the crucial inflection point has been vividly demarcated in March (see the red horizontal line).

So those arguing on the basis of the traditional fundamentalist metrics seem to be looking at the wrong picture. Inflation appears to be increasingly the principal moving force behind the motions of the progressively interconnected global financial asset markets.

The Global Crack-Up Boom

Where financial markets once functioned as signals for economic transitions, it would now appear that financial markets have become the essence of global economies, where the real economy have been subordinated to paper shuffling activities.

What was once a feature dominated by the West, seem likely to get assimilated rapidly by the East as government policies appear to be directed at either juicing up or controlling the “animal spirits”.

Nonetheless today these dynamics have been “globalized”.

Proof?

We pointed out last week (see The Inflation Cycle Accelerates; Asia As Chief Beneficiary) how China has been dithering over the explosive rise of its stock and property markets wherein policymakers signaled intentions to rein the markets by restricting flow of credit. However, the violent response in the stock market compelled a retraction from authorities.

This week we see more of the same.

Publicly listed state owned China Construction Bank President Zhang Jianguo reportedly resolved to materially prune its credit expansion. According to Bloomberg ``the nation’s second-largest bank will cut new lending by about 70 percent in the second half to avert a surge in bad debt.”

The result had been the same, after a reaching a new high, China’s Shanghai Index crumbled over the last 3 sessions to end the week down 4.4%.

In the US, the path to serfdom continues, the Federal Trade Commission has issued new rules to ``crack down on fraud and manipulation that can drive up prices at the pump.” (Bloomberg) Oil prices which had been on a tear mostly reflecting on the US dollar’s earlier breakdown, had been tempered anew by the realized regulatory actions (more than just threats), aside from the sharp rally in the US dollar.

Still the WTIC rose by over 2% the week.

In the UK, the Bank of England (BoE) surprised the markets when it announced additional quantitative easing measures. This means that the central bank will be issuing ‘money from thin air’ to acquire domestic sovereign instruments (Gilt) as well as “high” quality corporate debt (Marketwatch). While directly such policies are aimed at propping up the financial system, implicitly it further implies support to financial asset prices. The British pound fell .21% over the week.

In anticipation of prospective inflation, Australia will be resurrecting issuance of inflation indexed bonds as a hedge. According to Bloomberg, ``Australia will sell its first inflation-indexed bonds in six years as record stimulus spending worldwide prompts speculation price increases will resume once the global recession ends…

``Asia-Pacific governments including Australia, Japan and Thailand had signaled they may sell inflation-linked bonds as improving economies threaten to boost the price of goods and services. Australia, which considered scrapping its bond market in 2003, boosted its debt outstanding by 67 percent to A$101.1 billion ($85 billion) in the year ended June 30, about 10 percent of its gross domestic product.”

The significance:

One, when government and financial claims grow more than real output or available economic resources the outcome is materially higher prices.

Two, governments are in a predicament, while they want to see sustained elevated or high financial asset prices, to give the impression of economic growth and to further unleash “animal spirits” or expand risk appetite, the demand from excessive money has also diffused into scarce economic resources which has compelled them to impose price controls [as previously discussed in The Inflation Cycle Accelerates; Asia As Chief Beneficiary].

Price controls will only cause arbitrages into markets that are more open, it would also reduce market pricing efficiency by distorting them and enhance shortages which would fuel more volatility.

Here, as expected governments are bent to deal with the symptoms than the cause. The superficial nature of policy actions enhances nurturing the bubble cycle.

Three, bubble affected economies will likely prompt for more borrowing (see figure 3) and more money issuance activities as signified by Bank of England’s QE or Secretary Tim Geithner’s request to the US Congress to expand debt limit to $12.1 trillion (HT: Craig McCarty).

As Doug Noland aptly observed of the inflationary pyramid being erected (from the same article), ``The deeply maladjusted U.S. “Bubble” economy requires $2.5 Trillion or so of net new Credit creation to stem systemic (Credit and economic Bubble) implosion. Only “government” (Treasury, agency debt, GSE MBS) debt can, today, fill the gigantic void created with the bursting of the Wall Street/mortgage finance Bubble. The private sector Credit system is severely impaired, and there is as well the reality that the market largely lost trust (loss of “moneyness”) in Wall Street obligations (private-label MBS, CDO, ABS, auction-rate securities, etc.). The $2.0 Trillion of U.S. “government” Credit creation coupled with the Trillion-plus expansion of Federal Reserve Credit over the past year has stabilized U.S. financial and economic systems.” (emphasis added)

Figure 3: Bloomberg Chart of the Day: Addiction To Debt

The above chart shows that in the US it now takes about $4 dollars of debt to generate $1 of economic output (left window), while debt to GDP ratio has soared to 372%, which is clearly unsustainable.

Yet the policy direction is assuredly headed towards engaging in more borrowing and issuance of paper or digital money. Recently the US extended $2 billion “cash for clunkers” program which incentivize people to replace old cars with new ones supported by government subsidies (Bloomberg) is another example of debt addiction.

As Ludwig von Mises warned, ``But the boom cannot continue indefinitely. There are two alternatives. Either the banks continue the credit expansion without restriction and thus cause constantly mounting price increases and an ever-growing orgy of speculation, which, as in all other cases of unlimited inflation, ends in a ‘crack-up boom’ and in a collapse of the money and credit system. Or the banks stop before this point is reached, voluntarily renounce further credit expansion and thus bring about the crisis." (emphasis added)

The end result would likely be a nasty choice between that of market compelled deflation or hyperinflation.

The institutional bank run in the US that triggered the 2008 meltdown (in financial markets and global trade) was a classic example of the near “collapse of the credit system”.

In short, what is unsustainable won’t last. Artificial measures will only aggravate the imbalances.

In sum, all these account for the phenomenon known as the “crack-up boom” applied on a globalized scale.

Hence a bubble based boom equals a prospective bubble bust and another crisis down the road. So relish the fun while it lasts.

Interim Pause, The Bubble Blowing Dynamics At Least Until The 2010 Elections

Friday’s torrid bounce in the US dollar index could signify as a worthwhile pause for the vastly overheated Asian-Emerging Market stock markets (see figure 4)

Figure 4: US Global Investor: Asia Technically Overbought

According to US Global Investors, ``For the first time since mid-1999, stocks in emerging Asia are trading at more than 35 percent premium to the 200-day simple moving average, an overbought condition which historically has resulted in sizable corrections in the following months.”

So if this should hold true, then a correction would likely be in the range of 10-20%.

Nonetheless we can expect any material decline would likely be met by anxious officials who would hastily act to restore boom conditions.

Remember, in today’s era where policies are skewed towards favoring paper shuffling activities and where the financial sector acts as the principal growth engine of the economy, rising prices are construed as the norm (for statistical purposes) regardless of the substance of the growth. So lofty prices in financial assets will likely be the undeclared policy thrust.

Nevertheless in a bull market hiatus, which is likely a function of profit taking than policy reversals, declines are less likely to move in tidal fashion, as some stocks may generate speculative attention because the marketplace would continually seek for yields in response to the loose monetary environment.

And applied to the Philippine Phisix, foreign buying, which has largely been absent for most of the first semester of the year, appears to have returned. For three successive weeks, we have seen a net buying from foreign funds in both nominal terms and in the broader market.

So the recent approach towards the 2,900 level could be interpreted as the bidding up of Philippine stocks compounded by foreign buying as we had been expecting. In Philippine Phisix at 2,500: Monetary Forces Sows Seeds Of Bubble, we said, ``So renewed interests from foreign investors on emerging markets are likely to even propel stock prices to higher levels! We should see the same dynamics reinforced locally. This time it will probably be foreigners chasing stock prices.”

Nonetheless, foreigners entering the local market appear to have been responding to the decline of the US dollar index.

If the US dollar is expected to fall further especially against Asian currencies then such dynamics are likely to be sustained. This would function as an important support to key components of the Phisix which also means a cushion from any major correction.

Figure 5: PSE: Share of Foreign Trade

Yet, despite this foreign trade improvement, the shape of today’s rally has departed from the 2003-2007 paradigm, where this time, local investors have powered the market as shown in Figure 6. Foreign trade from the start of the year have seen only occasional bouts where it gone beyond the 50% level which characterized the previous run.

At the end of the day, domestic policymakers will also want to see such trend persist going into the local national election season, as this would boost the odds of reducing the negative rating of the incumbent President PGMA thereby improve the chances for her appointee during the national election derby.

$200 Per Barrel Oil, Here We Come!

``This gets back to the disagreement I’ve had with the “inflationists” for years now: In the name of Keynesian economics, inflation proponents have repeatedly called for massive stimulus in response to the bursting of THE Bubble, while in reality this activist policymaking was instrumental in only extending and worsening a systemic Credit Bubble. This was especially the case after the bursting of the technology Bubble and is again true today following the bursting of the Wall Street finance/mortgage finance Bubble. Now, more than ever before, “Keynesian” inflationism is THE Bubble. When it eventually bursts Washington policymakers will have little left to offer.” Doug Noland Inflationism’s Seductive Battle Cry

For us, $200 oil is not an issue of IF, but rather an issue of WHEN. This will be highly dependent on the course of actions undertaken by global policymakers.

Here, we won’t deal with demand and supply imbalances of oil, as we had made our case late last year in Reflexivity Theory And $60 Oil: Fairy Tales or Great Depression?, instead we will deal with the rapidly evolving market signals and prospective political actions by policymakers

Growing Disconnect Between Markets And Real Economy

“World oil demand to hit 28-year low” screams the headline from the National.

So one must be wondering: Why has oil impetuously shot beyond $60? Has the oil market been pricing an abrupt global recovery?

The Economist instead finds justification on widening supply constraints, ``The explanation is simple. Oilmen are worried because they believe that many of the factors behind the record-breaking ascent last year remain in place. Much of the world’s “easy” oil has already been extracted, or is in the hands of nationalist governments that will not allow foreigners to exploit it…So when demand begins to revive, a sharp rise in prices is inevitable. That does not mean that a price spike is just around the corner, however. The speed with which it arrives will depend on the strength of the global recovery.”

While the article mainly underscores the geographical access limitations posed by governmental restrictions, falling demand and high inventories, as discussed in Seeds of Hyperinflation Have Been Sown have reflected on an egregious disconnect between fundamentals and the marketplace. The Economist article appears more like an attempt to explain away or to rationalize on the market activity than vet from the causality angle.

The highly reputed independent research outfit the BCA Research has a fabulous chart manifesting this phenomenon, see figure 1.

Figure 1: BCA Research: Oil Breaks Out: Is It Sustainable?

According to the BCA, ``The higher price of oil reflects in part the upturn in Chinese oil imports and car sales at a time when oil production is lagging. Russia continues to have difficulty boosting output and oil production has been flat for most OPEC countries. Saudi Arabia has cut production sharply. As with other commodities, oil should benefit from both a weaker U.S. dollar and a shift in investor portfolio preference toward real assets as a hedge against inflation. The upturn in our global leading economic indicators is another positive sign for the commodity complex.” (bold highlight mine)

True, China has been massively acquiring oil and other commodities.

And we won’t dismiss some veritable evidences of economic and financial “recovery” following the “banking meltdown” late last year, of which has functioned as a psychological “shock” (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder-PTSD) that has buffeted world financial markets and global economy.

But China has been buying way beyond its needs. It has been buying to shore up its strategic reserves.

Analysts at Sanford Bernstein reported that Google Images reveal on how China has been intensively constructing depots to hold oil. ``Bernstein says satellite images show a marked increase in oil-storage construction over the past few years and estimates that China’s number of days of forward demand–a gauge of oil storage–amount to just 28 days of imports and 14 days of total demand. China is targeting storage capacity that will hold demand cover of around 90 days,” wrote the Wall Street Journal,

Yet according to another researcher as excerpted by the Guardian, China plans to amass 3 million tonnes (about 22.5 million barrels) of oil, ``China wants to set up a 3 million tonne reserve of oil products this year, which is practically impossible, a researcher at a think-tank run by the country's top oil refiner, Sinopec Group, was quoted as saying on Saturday.”

Moreover, China’s huge appetite for commodities registered record imports for Copper and Aluminum this April. However many experts say that China’s buying activities for these commodities may have probably peaked since targets may have been met. According to Bloomberg, ``Refined copper imports by China will slow over the rest of this year as scrap supplies improve, said Ma Xiaoqin, deputy- general manager of the copper department at Minmetals Nonferrous Metals Co., the country’s largest trader, on May 8. The State Reserve Bureau has mostly completed its buying and stockpiling by manufacturers has ended, said Edward Fang, an analyst at China International Futures (Shanghai) Co.”

If such buying activities have indeed culminated then copper and aluminum prices should be expected to meaningfully correct, see figure 2. But we have our doubts.

Figure 2: stockcharts.com: Copper and Aluminum

So far only Aluminum has been showing signs of relative weakness. Although copper seems to be in a consolidation phase where a “pennant” pattern (blue converging lines) may suggest a continuation of the present uptrend.

China Attempts To Balance Political Rhetoric With Market Actions And Political Goals

This isn’t about China believing its own “bullish” tale of vigorous economic recovery, where the supposed “conventional” view equates China’s economic growth to commodity bullishness. Instead the above dynamics reflects the ongoing inflation phenomenon.

The fact that China’s officials have raised the furor over possible losses of its US asset portfolio holdings from the current US policies appears to dovetail with the activities in the commodities market.

China’s Premier Wen Jiabao, as quoted by the Financial Times recently said, ``We have lent a huge amount of money to the United States,” Mr Wen said. “Of course we are concerned about the safety of our assets. To be honest, I am a little bit worried. I request the US to maintain its good credit, to honour its promises and to guarantee the safety of China’s assets.” (bold emphasis mine)

Of course one may argue that China’s acquisition of US assets hasn’t slowed.

In contrast to Premier Wen’s statement, China has even increased its acquisition of US treasuries see Figure 3. And this would seem like a conflict between China’s intentions and actions. But this view myopically glosses over the geopolitical implication. There’s more than meets the eye.

Figure 3: New York Times: China’s Changing Role

It would be tantamount to political suicide if China decides to naively “sell” US treasuries to support its concerns, especially under the present environment which has been a fertile ground for engendering protectionist policies. For instance, recently some US lawmakers have revived efforts to brand China as a currency manipulator. Hence mass liquidations of treasuries would only fuel bilateral antagonism. And a trade war isn’t in the interest of China.

Another, it isn’t also a certainty that the underlying motivation behind China’s purchases of US assets reflects on the same paradigm of “promoting exports” as it had been in the past. Past performance doesn’t guarantee future results-that’s because the incentives behind today’s conditions have radically changed. The US consumer model as the world’s growth engine has apparently been broken. And China appears to be well cognizant of this.

Moreover, since China holds massive amount of US dollar assets- estimated at an astounding 82% of foreign currency reserves (Standard Chartered/New York Times)-any mass liquidation will most likely impact the markets extensively and stoke disorder. Where such actions will likely be mutually destructive, such policy directions will likely be avoided.

Hence, China’s political actions should also be seen from a different prism- China may want to be seen in good light with the US, where she would continually support the US even at the risks of incurring substantial losses in its portfolio of US dollar assets.

As Luo Ping, a director-general at the China Banking Regulatory Commission recently justified, ``Except for U.S. Treasuries, what can you hold?”

Moreover, China may want to project that in case a possible mayhem emerges in the financial markets this isn’t going be due to her doing. In other words, China seems to be placing the onus of the consequences from policy choices squarely on US shoulders.

Nevertheless, actions demonstrate preferences. While China remains supportive of the US in terms of buying assets, the composition of its acquisitions has materially changed.

According to the Keith Bradsher of the New York Times, ``China has also changed which Treasuries it buys. It has done so in ways calculated to reduce its exposure to inflation or other problems in the United States. As recently as a year ago, China actively bought long-dated bonds, seeking the extra yield they could bring compared to Treasury securities with short maturities, of which China bought virtually none.

``But in each month since November, China has been buying more Treasury bills, with a maturity of a year or less, than Treasuries with longer maturities. This gives China the option of cashing out its positions in a hurry, by not rolling over its investments into new Treasury bills as they come due should inflation in the United States start rising and make Treasury securities less attractive.” (bold emphasis mine)

So yes, China has been increasing its purchases of US treasuries to appease the US government, but has been concentrating these activities towards short term maturities. And by doing so she has been acting to reduce her risk exposure as well as balancing political rhetoric (bleating about US policies, announcement of past ‘covert’ gold purchases) with market actions (diversifying portfolio holdings into commodities) and political goals.

And aside from heavily buying into commodities, as previously discussed in The Nonsense About Current Account Imbalances And Super-Sovereign Reserve Currency, China has been utilizing its currency as an instrument to expand its political and economic influence across the globe by increasing swap agreements, by providing project financing and conducting trade in the remimbi or ex-US dollar currencies. Recently Brazil and China concluded an accord to conduct transactions using their national currencies instead of the US dollar.

In all, China could be working to insure herself from the risks of substantial US inflation, to expand its influence globally with its currency and possibly to challenge the US hegemony in terms of having the remimbi as a global currency reserve sometime in the future.

The Global Inflation Train Speeds Faster

And as we keep repeating, in the world of unprecedented scale of government intervention in the marketplace combined with unparalleled degree of applied inflationary measures, the repercussions intended or unintended will be vented on the currency markets.

And we agree with Professor Steve Hanke where he wrote in a Forbes article ``There are tectonic moves afoot in the currency markets these days.”

Tectonic moves afoot in the currency markets will also be parlayed in the Oil Market see Figure 4.

Figure 4: stockcharts.com: Inverse Correlation of Oil and the US Dollar

Visibly, oil in the past has moved in consonance with the US dollar, albeit in an inverse scale (see blue trend lines).

This dynamic seems to be a classic rerun as the recent weakness of the US dollar index (USD) has equally coincided with rising oil prices (WTIC-main window).

Alongside this development has been the rise of 10-year US Treasury yields (TNX) in spite of the recent activities from the US Federal Reserve where the ``Fed bought $18.277 billion of U.S. debt in three purchase operations this week and minutes of the central bank’s April 28-29.” (Bloomberg).

The US Federal Reserve in its March 18^th press release has earmarked $300 billion to purchase long term Treasury securities.

But there seems to be one missing ingredient. In the past, the falling US dollar had been accompanied by falling treasury yields-perhaps reflecting what Former Fed Chair Alan Greenspan’s calls as a conundrum of low bond yields. And this phenomenon was suspected to have been influenced by foreign purchases of US treasuries that have kept yields low.

But since recent treasury issuance to fund US government deficits has surged far more than what foreigners or China has recently bought as shown in the chart earlier, where according to the same Bloomberg report, ``President Barack Obama has pushed the nation’s marketable debt to an unprecedented $6.36 trillion. [bold highlight--mine] His administration raised on May 11 its estimate for the deficit this year to a record $1.84 trillion, up 5 percent from the February estimate, and equal to about 13 percent of the nation’s GDP”, yields have materially risen!

And as we have previously discussed in Ignoble Deficits And The $33 Trillion Global Government Debt Bubble?, the colossal government spending by the US and elsewhere and the prospective surges of government treasury issuance are posing as risks towards hefty inflation or national bankruptcies.

Hence, today’s rapidly deteriorating US Dollar, rising treasury yields and rising oil prices seem to be solidifying the manifestations of inflation gaining traction globally.

Credit Rating Downgrades Amidst Exploding Deficits

Figure 5: Washington Post: Projected Deficits

The recent spate of massive waves of deficit spending in many crisis havocked economies has put pressure on their respective credit rating standings.

The S&P recently issued a downgrade from “stable” to “negative” on UK’s outlook which means the country is at risk of losing its coveted AAA status.

Concerns over the same predicament has apparently spilled over to the US considering the huge planned dosages of government spending aimed at jumpstarting the economy as shown in Figure 5.

Well the impact of concerns over these deficits, aside from rising treasury yields, has been deterioration in credit default swaps, which function as insurance against the risks of credit default.

According to Bloomberg, ``The cost to hedge against losses on U.S. government bonds for five years climbed to a three-week high, indicating perceptions the nation’s credit quality is deteriorating. Credit-default swaps on U.S. debt rose 3.5 basis points to 41, the highest since April 29, according to prices from CMA Datavision in New York. An investor would have to pay $41,000 a year to protect $10 million of debt from default.” (bold highlight mine)

Mainstream Calls For More Inflation Ensures Oil at $200!

These credit rating warnings should serve as call to action on governments to limit overspending. Remember there is no free lunch. Ultimately taxpayers will pay for government profligacy.

But will these warnings be heeded? Apparently not.

On the contrary the mainstream has vociferously been desiring for more inflation.

The Bond King, PIMCO’s William Gross, recently predicted that the US will eventually lose its AAA rating according to Bloomberg.

Yet his prescriptions to support the economy account for the same factors that would ensure the US will likely lose its prime credit rating.

It’s because Mr. Gross subscribes to the Keynesian methodology of printing money as a cure, where the same report quotes Mr. Gross, ``We need more than that,” Gross said at the time. The Fed’s balance sheet “will probably have to grow to about $5 trillion or $6 trillion,” he said.”

And the policy prescriptions of Mr. Gross have been joined by the similar calls from well known Harvard experts-Kenneth Rogoff and Greg Mankiw.

``I’m advocating 6 percent inflation for at least a couple of years,” says Rogoff, 56, who’s now a professor at Harvard University. “It would ameliorate the debt bomb and help us work through the deleveraging process.” (Bloomberg)

Meanwhile, Mr. Mankiw former chairman of the Council of Economic Advisors under President George W. Bush said ``Faster inflation might be preferable to increased unemployment, or to further budget stimulus packages that push up the national debt” (Bloomberg)

So in the face of rising risks of default, these mainstream experts sporting a good clout over at the officialdom may be reflective of the policy directions of the present administration.

Of course inflation can be achieved through massive credit expansion (through public or private channels) or via the government spending route or both.

And if Mr. Bond King’s suggestion will be adhered to and if it’ll likewise be copied elsewhere the risk of a runaway inflation will be tremendous.Figure 6: BIS: Balance Sheets of the Central Banks of the US, UK and ECB

Since the advent of the crisis the balance sheets of the US Federal Reserve, the ECB and the Bank of England have surged see figure 6.

So policymakers have made sure that inflation will likely take hold; inflation is what they ask for hence inflation is what we will get.

As Dr. John Hussman admonished in his latest weekly outlook (bold highlight mine),

``The bottom line is that the attempt to save bank bondholders from losses – to provide monetary compensation without economic production – is not sound economic policy but is instead a grand monetary experiment that has never been tried in the developed world except in Germany circa 1921. This policy can only have one of two effects: either it will crowd out over $1 trillion of gross domestic investment that would otherwise have occurred if the appropriate losses had been wiped off the ledger (instead of making bank bondholders whole), or it will result in a stunning and durable increase in the quantity of base money, which will ultimately be accompanied not by a year or two of 5-6% inflation, but most probably by a near-doubling of the U.S. price level over the next decade. As I've noted previously, the growth rate of government spending is better correlated with subsequent inflation than even growth in money supply itself, particularly at 4-year intervals. Regardless of near-term deflation pressures from a continued mortgage crisis, our present course is consistent with double digit inflation once any incipient recovery emerges.”

Even Yale’s David Swenson told Bloomberg that everyone must own inflation protected securities in the face of substantial inflation, ``We’ve had this massive fiscal stimulus, massive monetary stimulus, and it’s hard to see how that doesn’t translate into pretty substantial inflation, or at least pretty substantial risk of inflation,” Swensen, Yale University’s investment chief, said in an interview on the “Consuelo Mack WealthTrack” television show that aired yesterday. Treasury Inflation- Protected Securities “should be in every investor’s portfolio," he said.”

Finally fund manager David Dreman has another unorthodox suggestion for the US government.

He posits that the US stimulus package be directed at the commodity markets.

According to Mr. Dreman, ``My idea is that we accumulate useful resources, such as crude for our strategic oil reserve. This would create new jobs, halt a deflationary spiral and give us some protection against the next international oil crisis. If the government allocated $500 billion at current prices, it would add 10 billion barrels of oil, which amounts to 17 months' consumption. The government could undertake similar purchase programs for copper, aluminum, lead and other essential industrial commodities now trading at very depressed prices.

``An oil-buying binge would be a win for taxpayers as well. Oil bought today below $60 a barrel can be released back into the market at $120 after economic activity has picked up and inflation has resumed.”

Mr. Dreman’s suggestion implies that the US government should engage with China and the rest of the world in a bidding war over oil and other commodities. The idea is to directly stoke inflation by means of direct intervention in the commodity markets.

However, high commodity prices reduce the purchasing power of consumers or the taxpayers, so it is a contradiction how taxpayers/consumers would benefit from high commodity prices. Put differently, the US government may earn from a spread alright, but the world in general will be poorer because of the lesser amount of goods the Americans and people around the world can acquire.

Moreover he seems to suggest that the US government should be transformed into a proprietary trading desk. Governments don’t work for profit but for social concerns.

Besides a policy directed at a race to own commodities could serve as a casus belli for a world war at war or a world resource war.

What have these “inflationists” have been smoking, anyway?

Overall, the inflationary policies of global governments are key drivers to oil prices at over $200 per barrel!

The Growing Validity Of The Reflexivity Theory: More PTSD And Periphery

``It is commonly appreciated that China has about $2 TN in reserves to go with its population of 1.3 billion. This alone provides China unprecedented reflationary capabilities. China also maintains a tight relationship between its banking system and government policymakers, and it is worth noting that recent reports have Chinese bank lending posting another eye-opening month of expansion ($234bn!). China is also now aggressively using currency swaps and other financing mechanisms to drive exports and trade, especially in Asia. There is also increased talk of the Chinese government providing global vendor financing for its major industries, a potentially huge development from both China and global perspectives. Clearly, if Chinese industrial policy seeks to elevate the status of key domestic industries, current global tumult provides quite a rare opportunity to press decidedly ahead. Moreover, if China moves to develop its northern region as it has developed the south, there is really no bounds to the amount of “money” that could be spent.”-Doug Noland, Periphery Rising

At the start of the year, we forecasted that the Asian and local markets will register gains at the end of the year.

Our idea is that this isn’t one coming out of a “valid” economic recovery but one from the tsunami of money being drenched into the financial and economic system that had been meant to offset the loses from the OECD financial sector and from the recessionary forces affecting the global economy.

Such trend seem to get reinforced by the day.

Into last week’s G-20 meeting the multinational assembly had produced a spending plan aimed to augment the resources of the IMF, funded by Japan and Europe. In addition, ``Rich countries such as America will provide a $500 billion credit line, known as New Arrangements to Borrow. This was trailed several weeks ago. Significantly, the IMF will print $250 billion of its own currency, known as special drawing rights, allocating sums to its members according to their quotas” reports the Economist (see table 1).

Table 1: New York Times: The G-20 Mission

Of course this won’t be complete without the additional promise of further inundation of fiscal stimulus programs which was pegged at $5 trillion aimed “to raise output by 4%” and “accelerate the transition to a green economy” as indicated by their official communiqué.

Politicians love to babble about promises which usually remain only as that…promises, considering that most of the agreement drawn appears to be “motherhood” statements and bereft of details.

But there is one thing we can be sure of, that which politicians love to do…spend!!! And spending we believe it would be.

From Core To Periphery

And with the augmented resources, revitalized role of a supercharged IMF, many see this as bolstering the positions of emerging markets.

Again from the same article in the Economist (bold highlight mine),

``Now the new money must be directed to developing countries, especially in eastern Europe. Many such countries have been loth to tap the fund because of the stigma involved. A pledge by the G20 to reform the fund’s governance soon may convince them that the leopard has changed its spots. This week Mexico secured a $47 billion credit line with the fund, with no strings attached, which may set a trend…

``The importance of offering new sources of funds to the developing world should not be underestimated, however. By some estimates poor countries have $1.4 trillion of debts to roll over this year alone and Western creditors are hoarding their cash. These countries have far less fiscal room for manoeuvre than rich economies. They are also areas of the world where growth could rebound quite quickly, because households are not weighed down by the crushing debts typical in America and Europe. In a further fillip to many of them, the G20 agreed to ensure $250 billion in trade finance to help reboot global trade—though it was not clear how much of this was new money.”

In short money appears as being transmitted to support growth in the developing countries as part of the collaborative efforts to inflate the system.

And some market savants seem to be looking from the same angle as we had projected.

This from Barron’s Randall Forsyth, ``Ms. Pomboy points out that while emerging economies account for 43.7% of global output, they represent only 10.9% of global stock market capitalization. China by itself makes up 15% of the global economy but less than 2% of market cap while the U.S. provides 21% of output but 43.4% of market cap.

``With so much room to grow…and so much money to flow..might the Emerging Markets become the next bubble?" she asks rhetorically. "All the ingredients are there, the persuasive story line (from their savings to their demographics), the dearth of compelling investment alternatives and, of course, the Fed's flowing font of cheap capital."

Oh lala.

More Evidence Of The Impact From PTSD

Moreover we pointed out that the severe drop in global trade had primarily been a function of a seizure in the operations of the US-European banking system, where the reemergence of barter trade belied the notion of an absolute deflationary collapse which had been propounded by deflation advocates.

For us, the disruption appears to have been a function of an anxiety disorder called PTSD or Posttraumatic Stress Disorder [see Global Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): The After Lehman Syndrome], where a distressing shock event basically traumatized international trade flows.

Nevertheless PTSD’s seem to heal overtime.

Figure 3: Danske Bank: Global Business Cycle

And economic data appears to be reinforcing our stand, where global leading indicators and manufacturing orders of major OECD and BRIC economies appear to have meaningfully rebounded from the lows as shown in the Figure 3 from Danske Bank.

The appearance of synchronized recovery from the harrowing last quarter crash suggests that the massive decline could have been ‘overrated’.

Albeit we can’t rule out that a typical reactionary response from big crashes are large oversold bounces similar to the stock markets, our idea is that the flood of money generated by global governments to replace “lost demand” appears to be gaining traction especially in Emerging Market economies, who were disrupted not by a dysfunctional domestic financial system but by trade linkages brought about by credit freeze in the OECD banking system.

And given that EM economies have low leverage uptake, we believe that they have the potential to absorb much of the global government’s serial bubble blowing.

The Growing Validity Of The Reflexivity Theory

Importantly we believe that George Soros’ theory of Reflexivity has underpinned all these.

Here is what we wrote in Inflationary Policies Drives China’s Shanghai Market; Clues of Reflexivity Theory at Work

``…markets aren't just about traditional economics or conventional finance. It is mostly about psychology or how government inflationary policies may trigger significant "reflexivity" in market psychology….

``The reflexivity theory applied to the Shanghai's index suggests that if the course of actions (inflationary policies) succeeds to alter participants thinking, then the subsequent changes in perception will ultimately be followed by changes in the facts.

``Put differently, if the Shanghai Index's will continue to rally, it will be 'rationalized' by the public as a recovery (perception), when this is all about central banks' massive 'serial bubble blowing' inflation (fact).

``Eventually when the perception of recovery is reinforced by economic data, (fact) the market trend deepens (perception).”

And suddenly we seem to be witnessing a growing number of observers acting as what we have long anticipated…

From Harvard Professor and former Chairman of President Ronald Reagan’s Council of Economic Advisors and President of National Bureau for Economic Research, Martin Feldstein (bold highlight mine)

``China is likely to be the first of the major economies to recover from the current global downturn. Its pace of expansion may not reach the double-digit rates of recent years, but China in 2010 will probably grow more rapidly than any country in Europe or in the western hemisphere.”

Further signs of the burgeoning bandwagon from China’s repeated gains…

From Bill Witherell of Cumberland Advisors, ``Japan surely will benefit from the expected resumption of strong growth in China and the anticipated beginning of a recovery in the US in the second half of 2009.” (bold highlight mine)

From John Derrick of USfunds.com, ``We may already be seeing early signs of the initial round of stimulus having an impact. China responded aggressively back in November announcing a $586 billion stimulus package. This week China’s purchasing manager’s index (10) rose to 52.4, indicating economic expansion and the first reading above 50 since September.” (bold highlight mine)

Figure 4: Shanghai’s Reflexivity Theory At Work

While most of China’s peers, namely Emerging Markets (EEM) and the Dow Jones Asia ex-Japan ($DJP2) have only seen a belated recovery last March, the Shanghai index has significantly pulled away breaking into bullish territory-namely a breakout from resistance levels and breakout from 200 day moving averages.

The Phisix which has lagged the latest market levitation due to local controversial quirks (particularly the Meralco and the PLDT affair) seems likely to follow suit.

In short, the reflexivity theory -from fact to perception and now perception to facts-seems to be succeeding at recalibrating the market’s mood.